Complementary recommendation gains increasing attention in e-commerce since it expedites the process of finding frequently-bought-with products for users in their shopping journey. Therefore, learning the product representation that can reflect this complementary relationship plays a central role in modern recommender systems. In this work, we propose a logical reasoning network, LOGIREC, to effectively learn embeddings of products as well as various transformations (projection, intersection, negation) between them. LOGIREC is capable of capturing the asymmetric complementary relationship between products and seamlessly extending to high-order recommendations where more comprehensive and meaningful complementary relationship is learned for a query set of products. Finally, we further propose a hybrid network that is jointly optimized for learning a more generic product representation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our LOGIREC on multiple public real-world datasets in terms of various ranking-based metrics under both low-order and high-order recommendation scenarios.
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Given a resource-rich source graph and a resource-scarce target graph, how can we effectively transfer knowledge across graphs and ensure a good generalization performance? In many high-impact domains (e.g., brain networks and molecular graphs), collecting and annotating data is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming, which makes domain adaptation an attractive option to alleviate the label scarcity issue. In light of this, the state-of-the-art methods focus on deriving domain-invariant graph representation that minimizes the domain discrepancy. However, it has recently been shown that a small domain discrepancy loss may not always guarantee a good generalization performance, especially in the presence of disparate graph structures and label distribution shifts. In this paper, we present TRANSNET, a generic learning framework for augmenting knowledge transfer across graphs. In particular, we introduce a novel notion named trinity signal that can naturally formulate various graph signals at different granularity (e.g., node attributes, edges, and subgraphs). With that, we further propose a domain unification module together with a trinity-signal mixup scheme to jointly minimize the domain discrepancy and augment the knowledge transfer across graphs. Finally, comprehensive empirical results show that TRANSNET outperforms all existing approaches on seven benchmark datasets by a significant margin.
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言语的数字,例如隐喻和讽刺,在文学作品和口语对话中无处不在。这对自然语言理解构成了巨大的挑战,因为语音的数字通常偏离表面上表达更深层次的语义含义的含义。先前的研究强调了数字的文学方面,很少从计算语言学的观点提供全面的探索。在本文中,我们首先提出了象征性单元的概念,该单元是人物的载体。然后,我们选择了中文常用的12种类型的数字,并构建中文语料库以进行上下文化的图形识别(配置)。与以前的令牌级别或句子级别对应物不同,配置旨在从话语级别的上下文中提取象征性单元,并将象征性单元分类为正确的图类型。在配置时,设计了三个任务,即图形提取,图类型分类和图形识别,并使用最新技术来实现基准。我们进行彻底的实验,并表明所有三个任务对于现有模型都充满挑战,因此需要进一步研究。我们的数据集和代码可在https://github.com/pku-tangent/configure上公开获取。
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图形预训练策略一直在图形挖掘社区吸引人们的注意力,因为它们在没有任何标签信息的情况下在参数化图形神经网络(GNN)方面的灵活性。关键思想在于通过预测从输入图中提取的掩蔽图信号来编码有价值的信息。为了平衡各种图形信号的重要性(例如节点,边缘,子图),现有方法主要是通过引入超参数来重新进行图形信号的重要性来进行手工设计的。然而,人类对亚最佳高参数的干预通常会注入额外的偏见,并在下游应用中降低了概括性能。本文从新的角度解决了这些局限性,即为预培训GNN提供课程。我们提出了一个名为Mentorgnn的端到端模型,该模型旨在监督具有不同结构和不同特征空间的图表的GNN的预训练过程。为了理解不同粒度的异质图信号,我们提出了一种课程学习范式,该课程自动重新贴出图形信号,以确保对目标域进行良好的概括。此外,我们通过在预先训练的GNN的概括误差上得出自然且可解释的上限,从而对关系数据(即图形)的域自适应问题(即图形)发出了新的启示。有关大量真实图的广泛实验验证并验证了Mentorgnn的性能。
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发现深神经网络(DNN)容易受到对抗噪声的影响。它们通常被对抗样本误导,以做出错误的预测。为了减轻本文,我们从信息理论的角度研究了目标模型的输出与输入对抗样本之间的依赖性,并提出了一种对抗性防御方法。具体而言,我们首先通过估计输入和自然模式之间的相互信息(MI)(称为天然MI)以及分别在输出和输入的对抗模式之间的依赖性(称为对抗MI)。我们发现,与W.R.T.相比,对抗样品通常具有更大的对抗性MI和较小的天然MI。天然样品。在这一观察结果的推动下,我们建议通过在训练过程中最大化自然MI并最大程度地减少对抗性MI来增强对抗性的鲁棒性。这样,目标模型应更加关注包含客观语义的自然模式。经验评估表明,我们的方法可以有效地提高针对多次攻击的对抗精度。
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在异质图上的自我监督学习(尤其是对比度学习)方法可以有效地摆脱对监督数据的依赖。同时,大多数现有的表示学习方法将异质图嵌入到欧几里得或双曲线的单个几何空间中。这种单个几何视图通常不足以观察由于其丰富的语义和复杂结构而观察到异质图的完整图片。在这些观察结果下,本文提出了一种新型的自我监督学习方法,称为几何对比度学习(GCL),以更好地表示监督数据是不可用时的异质图。 GCL同时观察了从欧几里得和双曲线观点的异质图,旨在强烈合并建模丰富的语义和复杂结构的能力,这有望为下游任务带来更多好处。 GCL通过在局部局部和局部全球语义水平上对比表示两种几何视图之间的相互信息。在四个基准数据集上进行的广泛实验表明,在三个任务上,所提出的方法在包括节点分类,节点群集和相似性搜索在内的三个任务上都超过了强基础,包括无监督的方法和监督方法。
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尽管现有联合学习平台(FL)平台已取得了显着的进展,以提供开发基础架构,但这些平台可能无法很好地应对各种异质性带来的挑战,包括参与者本地数据,资源,行为和学习目标中的异质性。为了填补这一空白,在本文中,我们提出了一个名为FederatedScope的新型FL平台,该平台采用事件驱动的架构为用户提供极大的灵活性,以独立描述不同参与者的行为。这样的设计使用户可以轻松地描述参与者具有各种本地培训过程,学习目标和后端,并通过同步或异步培训策略将其协调为FL课程。 FederatedScope为易于使用和灵活的平台提供了丰富类型的插入操作和组件,以有效地进行进一步开发,并且我们实施了几个重要组件,以更好地帮助用户进行隐私保护,攻击模拟和自动调整。我们已经在https://github.com/alibaba/federatedscope上发布了FederatedScope,以在各种情况下促进联邦学习的学术研究和工业部署。
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Controllable Text Generation (CTG) is emerging area in the field of natural language generation (NLG). It is regarded as crucial for the development of advanced text generation technologies that are more natural and better meet the specific constraints in practical applications. In recent years, methods using large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), in particular the widely used transformer-based PLMs, have become a new paradigm of NLG, allowing generation of more diverse and fluent text. However, due to the lower level of interpretability of deep neural networks, the controllability of these methods need to be guaranteed. To this end, controllable text generation using transformer-based PLMs has become a rapidly growing yet challenging new research hotspot. A diverse range of approaches have emerged in the recent 3-4 years, targeting different CTG tasks which may require different types of controlled constraints. In this paper, we present a systematic critical review on the common tasks, main approaches and evaluation methods in this area. Finally, we discuss the challenges that the field is facing, and put forward various promising future directions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first survey paper to summarize CTG techniques from the perspective of PLMs. We hope it can help researchers in related fields to quickly track the academic frontier, providing them with a landscape of the area and a roadmap for future research.
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最近,自主驾驶社会上有许多进展,吸引了学术界和工业的很多关注。然而,现有的作品主要专注于汽车,自动驾驶卡车算法和模型仍然需要额外的开发。在本文中,我们介绍了智能自动驾驶卡车系统。我们所呈现的系统由三个主要组成部分组成,1)一个现实的交通仿真模块,用于在测试场景中产生现实的交通流量,2)设计和评估了在现实世界部署中模仿实际卡车响应的高保真卡车模型,3 )具有基于学习的决策算法和多模轨迹策划仪的智能计划模块,考虑到卡车的约束,道路斜率变化和周围的交通流量。我们为每个组分单独提供定量评估,以证明每个部件的保真度和性能。我们还将我们的建议系统部署在真正的卡车上,并进行真实的世界实验,表明我们的系统能力缓解了SIM-TO-REAL差距。我们的代码可以在https://github.com/inceptioresearch/iits提供
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已证明深度神经网络容易受到对抗噪声的影响,从而促进了针对对抗攻击的防御。受到对抗噪声包含良好的特征的动机,并且对抗数据和自然数据之间的关系可以帮助推断自然数据并做出可靠的预测,在本文中,我们研究通过学习对抗性标签之间的过渡关系来建模对抗性噪声(即用于生成对抗数据的翻转标签)和天然标签(即自然数据的地面真实标签)。具体而言,我们引入了一个依赖实例的过渡矩阵来关联对抗标签和天然标签,可以将其无缝嵌入目标模型(使我们能够建模更强的自适应对手噪声)。经验评估表明,我们的方法可以有效提高对抗性的准确性。
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